WWII Soviet Light Tank
Mar 09, 2008
 

It's quite common among modelers to be drawn to WWII German Tanks. Not just because of their fame but also because their technical superiority and design. They are the paramount of tank development during that period.

But there are some remarkable examples of what the other countries were doing at the time. The Sherman was one of them and the T34 was the other. Those are probably the most famous tanks of the Allies.

   

And then there was a multitude of other vehicles, from light tanks to support vehicles, some more obscure than others, and I mean obscure because they didn't achieve the same status of the tanks that we all know about.

The T70 was one of them. It equipped the Soviet Forces in large numbers (more than 8.000) and it got his share of combat action. Usually on the loosing side, because facing 75mm shells in this tiny tank had a know and very unpleasant result.

   
   

 

 

 

 

The MiniArt Kit

Before the fall of the Berlin Wall it was very difficult to have reasonably accurate kits of Soviet military material. They were based in photos or examples that were in Western museums but the choice was scarce.

Recently a few Eastern brands began releasing much more accurate representations of tanks and the best After Market parts are indeed based in Eastern Countries.

Miniart from Russia makes excellent kits of WWII Soviet tanks and vehicles but I didn't know exactly how good they were. I bought this one on my LHS for a reasonable price and decided to start building it a few days ago (while waiting for the metal barrel for my Staghound).

I must say I'm quite impressed with the quality of the kit.
The plastic comes in two shades of grey  and the surface detail is excellent. At first the plastic seems a bit soft, but I found that's not the case. The plastic has the adequate consistency with the possible exception of the suspension arms. However, if they bend out of shape they are easy to "convince" to go back to the correct position. There are very small parts on the kit and flash cannot be seen except in a few cases where it is so small that it's just a matter of a couple of minutes to get rid of it.

The tracks are the individual  link variety and the molding is absolutely fantastic. Building one track is a matter of patience but that's why I do kits - to relax and erase from my mind the troubles from everyday work.

I decided to complement this kit with a fine metal barrel from Aber and the Photo Etch set from Eduard. Those little things that add credibility to a model, like grids, handles and all those impossible to do in plastic.

The rest is a matter of work, dedication and good reference materials.
By chance I found that one issue on Steel Masters (that I subscribe) has an article on the T70M and a photo of the tank I'm going to depict. Talk about luck..

Building starts
03-02-2008

   
   

 
   
   
   

 

 

This was probably the fastest build I ever did.
In a matter of hours, the hull, turret and fenders were done.

The fenders are from the Eduard set and they were soldered like all metal should be (eh eh)
After the results I got on the Hetzer with photo etch soldering, I'll never use ciano again to secure metal to metal.

The only problem with this approach is the type of language I often use when holding parts heated at 500 Celsius. I tend to forget how hot those metal parts get.

The fenders are by far the most complicated part on this build, followed by the tracks that need assembling link by link.

In these photos you can see the fenders already in place, the grilles for the engine compartment and the stowage set from Blast Models.

I like to give some "life" to my models with the inclusion of something that gives away human presence. What better than the bags and boxes that crews used to put on their tank?

This particular tank has a whitewash  over the regular Russian green color of that period.

Only the upper part of the hull is painted white (normally it was done very crudely at the field) and this is going to be my premiere in this kind of painting.

If I manage to build those tracks fast enough I guess I'll star painting this week, so be tuned for further developments

Close to the end
06-02-2008

Tracks done and moving forward to detailing.

The Eduard set has a lot of things that have to be changed or added to the kit.

One of the things I did was to wrap the exhausts with thin Tamiya tape strips. I had this image in the back of my mind that I had seen this somewhere. In fact in some period photos you can see the exhaust pipes that come out of the engine wrapped in asbestos. I just couldn't find where I saw a kit built this way. So I decided to review all my magazines to find that build article.

I found it on Model Military International and I replicated the same effect the exact same way. From the photos of the specific vehicle I'm going to build there are no photos of that detail, but I don't care. It adds a nice effect to the tank and from the logical point of view I imagine that it would be something that the infantry guys riding on the tank would appreciate.

I'm not going to detail the interior. It was very simple and there was no way that it would end up good enough. The only parts that are included on the kit are the gun and some parts for the hatch. Best to build the tank with the hatch closed and detailed on the outside.

I'm in the finishing phases of detailing just prior to painting. I guess that I'll have two kits for painting in a couple of days. Painting is what I like best, so it's nice to do two in a row.

   
   

 
   
   

Close to the end
08-02-2008

All the tiny bits are done. After a couple of nights of work I just painted it with Tamiya primer and the painting will follow. That's the part I really enjoy.

On the first photo on the right you can see the wrapping around the exhaust pipes simulated with thin stripes of Tamiya paper tape. In the pic the tiny straps that hold the pipes to the mufflers are not visible but are there ;).

The sag on the tracks was made using the most important tools for the job - hair dryer and toothpicks.

This weekend the green base coat is going to be applied over some pre shading. I 'm going to pre shade in spite of applying a whitewash over it, because I can have second thoughts and I'll do it anyway. It's a good training anyway.

Painting and weathering
11-02-2008

On the right you can see the result of my efforts in painting my first whitewashed tank.

The process was not as straight forward as I expected.

First it was painted in Russian green with a clear coat over it. I was expecting that with some scratches the green could appear again (like in the real tanks) but what happened was not exactly as planned.

The white coat and the green coat bonded so well that any scratch no matter how light would expose the plastic.

Plan B. Dry brushing with green... Amazingly the Plan B worked better than I expected and the white seems to have faded under the action of rain and snow.

   
   

 
   

The worn areas (front hull), turret and fenders were painted this way. It looks like the the places where the crew get in and out of the tank are already exposing the green base coat. Perfect. Exactly the desired effect.

I've started to apply pigments on the exhausts and the next step is the oil wash and graphite wear effect in places where the metal needs to be exposed.

The part that is really terrifying is the mud part. I don't want to mess the lower hull too much, so I'm training in pieces of plastic before I decide to do it on the model.

You'll soon see if I messed up big or not...

Pros

  • Good quality plastic. Easy to work on.

  • Nice surface detail. Weld lines well represented and surface roughness of metal molded on the plastic

  • Fine detail all-round. Delicate parts are well molded

  • Individual link tracks are excellent in detail.

Cons

  • Very basic instructions, although it's not a very complicated kit.

  • To build a really appealing kit, some AM photo etch set has to be used increasing the final price a bit. But this is just me. I like detail at this level.

What will be used in this kit

Aber barrel for T70
Eduard Photo Etch Set 35909
Blast Models Staghound Stowage set


The T-70 light tank was used by the Army of the Soviet Union during World War II, replacing both the T-60 scout tank for reconnaissance and the T-50 light infantry tank for infantry support. The T-80 light tank was a more advanced version of the T-70 with a two-man turret—it was only produced in very small numbers when light tank production was abandoned. The T-90 self-propelled anti-aircraft gun was a prototype vehicle with twin machine guns, based on the T-70 chassis.

The T-70 was armed with a 45-mm L/46 gun Model 38 with forty-five rounds carried, and a coaxial 7.62-mm DT machine gun. The tank was operated by a driver and a commander who loaded and fired the gun. Armor thickness on the turret front was 60 mm, hull front and sides: 45 mm, rear and turret sides: 35 mm, roof and bottom: 10 mm.

By 1942, light tanks were considered inadequate by the Red Army, unable to keep up with the T-34 medium tank and unable to penetrate the armor of most German tanks. But they could be produced by small factories which were unable to handle the large components of medium and heavy tanks. The T-70 was an attempt to remedy some of the shortcomings of the T-60 scout tank, which had very poor cross-country mobility, thin armor, and an inadequate 20-mm gun. It also replaced the very short production run of the T-50 light infantry tank, which was more sophisticated, but also much too complicated and expensive to produce.

The T-70 was designed by N. Astrov's design team at Factory No. 38 in Kirov.

The first batch of T-70s were built with a GAZ-202 automotive engine on each side of the hull, one driving each track. This arrangement was seen to be a serious problem, even before the first tanks were issued. It was quickly redesigned as the T-70M (although it continued to be referred to as just T-70), with the engines in-line on the right side of the tank and a normal transmission and differential. The conical turret was replaced by one more easily welded out of plate armor, and moved to the left side of the hull.

Curiously, even after the T-70's production line was redesigned, SU-76 self-propelled guns started to be built with the same unsatisfactory unsynchronized two-engine layout, and all of them were later recalled for factory rebuilding as SU-76Ms.

T-70s were put into production in March 1942 at Zavod No. 37, and along with T-60 production at GAZ and Zavod No. 38. They completely replaced T-60 production in September 1942, although that tank remained in use until the end of the war. Production ended in October 1943, with 8,226 vehicles completed.

In April 1942, the conical turrets on early-production machines were replaced with new welded turrets. The end of the T-70's production run was built with two 85-hp GAZ-203 engines, a Mark 4 commander's periscope replacing a vision slit, and other improvements.

The T-70 remained in service until 1948.
 


 
Weight 9.2 tonnes
Length 4.29 m
Width 2.32m
Height 2.04m
Crew 2
Armor 60 mm
   
Primary armament 45 mm gun Model 38
Secondary armament 7.62 mm DT coaxial
Engine 2×GAZ-202 70+70 hp (52+52 kW)
Power/weight 15 hp/tonne
Suspension torsion bar
Operational range 360 km
Speed 45 km/h


 

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